There are approximately 23.6 million people in the United States living with diabetes (American Diabetes Association).
For these patients, summer presents unique challenges. Altered diets, increased exercise, and even sun burns can change blood glucose levels. Also, did you know that diabetes medications and supplies can suffer in the heat?
Read on to discover more about how summer can affect a diabetic person.
First, a person’s diet generally changes in the summer months. This is because, for some, heat acts as a natural appetite suppressant. Most people also tend to take advantage of fresh fruits and vegetables; however, there are people who eat more in the summer due to increased exercise. The main point to remember is that with any change in daily habits, insulin needs may change.
Next, increased amounts of exercise can reduce insulin requirements. This makes sense, especially in the northern climates, as people are more active in the summer than during the long winter months.
Another effect summer has on diabetics concerns supplies. They can become compromised in the summer heat and high humidity. If not kept at the correct temperature, insulin can break down. Also, extreme heat can negatively affect blood glucose meters and test strips.
In addition to harming supplies, extreme heat (over 90 degrees) coupled with high humidity can make it difficult for a person with diabetes to regulate his or her body temperature. Many studies show that persons with diabetes have a decreased ability to sweat. This translates into problems with core temperatures; therefore, caution must be taken by the patient at these times in order to alleviate trips to the doctor.
The sun not only dehydrates a person with diabetes, it can lead to unnecessary stress on the body. How? If a person with diabetes ends up with a sun burn, he or she can increase blood glucose levels.
These dangers are frightening, but there are ways a diabetic person (you or a loved one) can protect him or herself during the summer months.
1. Stay cool. Stay inside during the hottest part of the day. If you like to exercise outdoors, do so early in the morning or in the evening when temperatures have moderated. If the heat climbs to over 90 degrees coupled with high humidity, be especially careful.
2. Monitor your blood sugar. With the changes in diet, exercise, and daily routine that summer brings, make sure to test your blood sugar more often.
3. Keep your insulin and supplies safe. This means to avoid exposing items to heat and humidity.
4. Avoid sun burns. Make sure to wear a hat, sunglasses, and sun screen. Keep out of the sun between the hours of 10:00 am and 2:00 pm, when rays are the strongest.
5. Drink plenty of water, unless you have another recommendation by your doctor. If you like to take walks or ride a bike, bring a water bottle along. If you are a senior citizen, be aware that our “thirst mechanism†decreases as we age. You might not feel thirsty, yet you must drink water!
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